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Risk Assessments are the scientific approach to assessing
the degree of ecological and health risks associated with a contaminated
site. This includes the type of contamination, the exposure pathways
(bioavailability) and degree of bioaccumulation and its effects on
human health and safety from current conditions to the end usage conditions
after remedial actions are completed.
Risk Assessment Standards
Two complementary approaches have been identified for establishing site
specific remediation objectives for contaminated sites: a criteria-based
approach, and a risk-based approach. Across Canada Risk Assessments
are guided by several guidelines or standards:
- CCME - A Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment: General
Guidance (1996) -
PN1195
This guidance document is directed toward the risk-based approach.
It is intended to provide a general framework for ecological risk
assessment, which is based on the probability of adverse ecological
effects and the concept of exposure-response relationships. Ecological
risk assessment should be considered where there are significant
ecological concerns, unacceptable data gaps, or special site characteristics.
- CCME - A Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment: Technical
Appendices (1997) -
PN1274
This document complements "A Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment:
General Guidance" (CCME, 1996, PN1195) and describes sampling principles,
receptor characterization, exposure assessment, hazard assessment,
and risk characterization.
- A Federal Approach to Contaminated Sites Contaminated
Sites Management Working Group
- ASTM RBCA Standard (1995)
Atlantic Risk Based Corrective Action reference documentation for
petroleum contaminated sites
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