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| You are here > Introduction > Stage 2 > Environmental Site Management Options Stage 2: Evaluation and Planning - Technical - Environmental Site Management Options |
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There are a number of options available for management of contaminated sites. For any given site, a combination of remediation to generic standards, remediation to site-specific standards, and risk management approaches could be used. Remediation technologies can be applied to treat soil and groundwater contamination issues and can be categorized as follows:
Remediation to Generic Site Condition Standards
- Excavation and Off-Site Disposal
- In-Situ Treatment
- Ex-Situ Treatment
- Monitoring Natural Attenuation
- Pump and Treat On-Site Treatment
Remediation to Property Specific Standards
- Remediation to Property Specific Standards derived from Risk Assessment
Risk Management
- Containment of Soil, Groundwater or Vapour
- Pump and Ex-situ On-site Treatment of Groundwater
The Screening
Matrix for Remediation and Risk Management of Typical Service Stations
provides information on commonly used remediation technologies and risk
management approaches used on typical service station sites.
The small size of former service stations sites may limit which options are financially viable. Offsite treatment and disposal of contaminated soil has traditionally been the most common approach for site remediation of service stations in Ontario.
Another option that municipal and regional governments may consider is the application of the service station soil as daily fill to cover landfill sites. Municipalities may wish to consider the development of a land-bank for suitable soils that could be used as landfill cover. Soil recycling centres are also available although they are not as common in Ontario as they are in some other provinces. Ontario legislation defines all excavated soil as waste which thereafter may only be given some exemptions for unrestricted reuse as "inert fill" if the chemical quality of the soil is found by analysis to be compliant with Table 1 Standards in Reg. 153/04. Municipalities need to review the Ontario legislation prior to considering this option.
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