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| Matrix for the Selection of Remediation Technologies and Risk Management on 'Typical' Service Stations |
| Tool: Assists stakeholders understand various remediation and risk management options for typical service stations. Not meant as a substitute for expert opinion. For property specific decisions, engage a Qualified Person. |
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Remediation Type |
Examples |
Relative Chance of Success1 |
Approx. Time
(months)1 |
Approx. Cost |
|
Other Considerations |
|
A. REMEDIATION TO GENERIC STANDARDS |
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A1. SOIL |
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|
Excavation
and Off-site Disposal |
· Dig and haul to landfill for garbage
cover ("dig and dump") |
High |
2-4 |
100 - 300 |
Licensed
hauler, licensed disposal facility (May
require PTTW and/or CofA (Sewage) if dewatering required) |
· Problem
removed from site · Relatively simple to design and implement · Shipping costs may be high depending on location of off-site disposal. Landfill tipping fees vary - market driven · May not be feasible for deep or difficult to access contamination · Fugitive emissions may be a problem |
|
Ex-Situ
On-site Treatment |
· Bioremediation |
Medium to |
4-36 |
100 - 200 |
CofA
(Waste), CofA (Air) (May
require PTTW and/or CofA (Sewage) if dewatering required) |
· Requires
space to operate treatment facility |
|
In-Situ
On-site Treatment |
· Vapour Extraction |
Medium |
24-48 |
200 - 400 |
CofA
(Air / Groundwater) |
· Generally
creates minimal site disturbance |
|
Remediation Type |
Examples |
Relative Chance of Success1 |
Approx. Time
(months)1 |
Approx. Cost |
|
Other Considerations |
|
A2. GROUNDWATER |
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In-Situ
On-site Treatment |
· Oxygen injection |
Medium |
24-48 |
100 - 300 |
CofA
(Air / Groundwater) |
· Generally
creates minimal site disturbance |
|
Monitored
Natural Attenuation (MNA) |
· Monitoring low level contamination
or small source that is not expected to have an off-site impact |
Medium to |
36+ |
50 - 100 |
|
· Long
term groundwater monitoring and management (likely 10+ years) |
|
Pump
and Ex-Situ On-site Treatment |
· Pumping with biological treatment |
Low |
100+ |
300+ |
PTTW,
CofA (Sewage), licensed haulage & disposal of solids |
· Requires
significant site characterization, long term operation, maintenance
and monitoring |
List of abbreviations provided at end of the Tool. See Glossary
for definitions of terms.
Click here for
a printable PDF version of the tool.
|
Remediation Type |
Examples |
Relative Chance of Success1 |
Approx. Time
(months)1 |
Approx. Cost |
|
Other Considerations |
|
B. REMEDIATION TO PROPERTY SPECIFIC
STANDARDS |
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|
Remediation
to Property Specific Standards (PSS) derived from Risk Assessment (RA) |
· Same
technologies as in Section A for both soil and groundwater |
Chance of success may be greater using
more appropriate PSS through a RA |
Time required may be less, due to
use of more appropriate PSS |
Costs may be less, due to more appropriate
PSS |
As
per |
· As
per Section A |
|
Similar
to the step for Remediation to Property Specific Standards (PSS), a
Risk Assessment (RA) is required to develop a Risk Management Plan (RMP)
and implement Risk Management Measures (RMM). |
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|
Remediation Type |
Examples |
Relative Chance of Success2 |
Approx. Time
(months)2 |
Approx. Cost |
|
Other Considerations |
|
C. RISK MANAGEMENT |
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|
Containment
of Soil, Groundwater, or Vapour |
· Impermeable barriers or liners |
High |
6 |
100 |
May
require CofA (Air) and or PTTW. RSC
requires supporting RA and RMM. CPU may be registered on title |
· Practical
for large volumes or sites where other treatment is impractical |
|
Pump
and Ex-Situ On-site Treatment of Groundwater |
· Pumping with biological treatment |
High |
6 |
100 |
PTTW,
CofA (Sewage), Licensed haulage & disposal of solids. |
· Requires
significant site characterization, long term operation, maintenance
and monitoring |
| LEGEND | |||
|
(1) Sections A and B pertain to meeting soil and groundwater condition standards. Time and costs exclude up-front demolition and assessment work, but include all remediation-related activities and verification. Time and costs are based on a typical service station having 2000 tonnes of soil requiring remediation. (2) Section C pertains to installation activities only. Operational timeframe is very long and life
cycle costs cannot be generalized (3) PTTW and CofA (Sewage) may be required if dewatering is involved.
CofA (Air) required for permeable reactive barrier (4)
Abbreviations: |
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CofA
Certificate of Approval |
PSS
Property Specific Standards |
RMM
Risk Management Measures |
|
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CPU
Certificate of Property Use |
PTTW
Permit to take Water |
RMP
Risk Management Plan |
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MNA
Monitored Natural Attenuation |
RA
Risk Assessment |
RSC
Record of Site Condition |
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PHC
Petroleum Hydrocarbon |
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References: |
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